Advanced Journal of Management, Humanity and Social Science

Abstract Today, with the growth of population and changing consumption patterns, the demand for food products with longer shelf life and higher quality has increased. Food spoilage caused by microbial factors, oxidation and enzymatic activity leads to significant food waste and economic losses every year. Therefore, the use of new technologies is essential to maintain the quality and increase the shelf life of food products. With the increasing demand for safe and high-quality food products, the use of new technologies in the food industry has become essential to improve the shelf life and quality of products. This review article examines new technologies such as smart packaging, nanotechnology, non-thermal processing such as high-pressure pasteurization and electrical pulses, and the use of natural antimicrobial materials. The results show that these technologies not only increase the shelf life of products, but also maintain their nutritional and sensory quality. The challenges in applying these technologies and possible solutions to overcome them are also discussed.

Abstract Social abnormalities are one of the manifestations of civilization and social living. It is obvious that where a group lives together, there will also be a discussion about social abnormalities, and social abnormalities are the result of the social environment. If the social environment establishes a relationship by forming correct social relations and creating a harmonious and balanced structure between desires and possibilities and between means and goals, and uses the culture of the society to form such a context, the behavior of the people of the society will be directed towards fulfilling the desires of the social system and the individuals. Social abnormalities are those social deviations that the custom of the society considers as deviations from norms, but written laws have not considered them as examples of crimes and punishable. Social misconduct refers to a person who does not fall within the framework of moral principles and general rules of collective action existing in the society where the activist is active. Therefore, he faces legal prohibition and moral and social ugliness. In fact, people who conform to the norms and values of society are called normal, and people who do not conform are called abnormal, and among abnormal people, someone whose abnormal behavior is not fleeting and lasts for a long time is called deviant or deviant. Social deviance refers to any behavior that a person performs contrary to social norms and forms, disrupts his or her functioning, and consequently affects the functioning of the family and society.

Abstract Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental disorders worldwide that have an impact on the quality of life of individuals and society. These disorders manifest as excessive feelings and worries, unwanted physiological reactions, and behavioral changes, and can appear in some generalized anxiety disorders, social anxiety disorders, panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Comprehensive diagnosis of the causes of this disease is of great importance. Research has shown that biological, genetic, and neurobiological factors, psychological factors such as cognitive styles and stressful experiences, and environmental factors such as social pressures and traumatic events, play a key role in their development and exacerbation. The use of accurate indicators distinguishes anxiety disorders from other mental and physical disorders and makes the treatment process targeted. The treatment of anxiety disorders is based on two main pillars: drug treatment and psychotherapy. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and benzodiazepines, along with cognitive-behavioral techniques (CBT), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), and behavioral therapies, are treatment options to reduce and improve individual functioning. Studies show that a combination of medication and psychotherapy produces better results than either alone. Also, challenges such as treatment, resources, and stigma require practical and innovative solutions. Finally, future research is preliminary to understanding the biological and psychological mechanisms of mental disorders, developing new treatment methods, and using advanced technologies. Also, specialized treatment training, public education, and upgrading the health system infrastructure to provide comprehensive services and treatment are needed to address the growing burden of eating disorders in the world.

Abstract The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) technologies is reshaping educational landscapes worldwide. Personalized learning, characterized by tailored educational experiences based on individual student needs, preferences, and performance, is one of the most promising applications of these technologies. This paper explores the theoretical, technical, and practical aspects of integrating AI and ML into educational systems to create adaptive, student-centered learning environments. We begin by examining the foundational theories that link AI/ML to cognitive and instructional science. The paper then defines personalized learning and analyzes its necessity in 21st-century classrooms. Various applications, such as intelligent tutoring systems, recommendation engines, automated feedback systems, and predictive analytics, are presented as case studies. Benefits of AI-based personalization—such as improved student engagement, better learning outcomes, and optimized teaching strategies—are examined alongside challenges including data privacy, algorithmic bias, infrastructure disparities, and resistance to technological change. Furthermore, the study investigates real-world implementations of AI in diverse contexts, including K-12 education, higher education, and online learning platforms. Ethical implications and policy frameworks are addressed to ensure that AI-driven personalization is inclusive, transparent, and equitable. Finally, the article identifies current research gaps and proposes future directions for educators, developers, and policymakers. This comprehensive review underscores the transformative potential of AI and ML in fostering individualized education, while cautioning against unchecked adoption without critical evaluation of pedagogical and ethical consequences.

Abstract Housing, as both a consumable good and an investment asset, is a fundamental social necessity that has become increasingly scarce in many societies. Consequently, the provision of affordable housing and the accessibility of low-income groups to adequate housing remain critical components of national economic development strategies, with governments worldwide striving to achieve this objective. However, the supply of affordable housing has consistently faced financial and planning challenges, leading to limited success in many countries.

In the United States, the diversity of actionable policies and programs, often leveraging social capital, has resulted in relatively successful outcomes, enabling the housing market to accommodate a portion of low-income demand. Affordable housing support mechanisms have been implemented across almost all U.S. states, ensuring economic accessibility for lower-income groups through various strategies.

A review of U.S. housing policies highlights that increasing both the quality and quantity of affordable housing, alongside fostering income and residential diversity within neighborhoods, constitutes a core housing policy framework. Programs such as inclusive zoning, regulatory code simplification, housing choice vouchers, and land banks collectively aim to reduce construction costs while directing housing subsidies through private-sector developers to low-income households. This targeted approach ensures that housing supply aligns with the needs of economically disadvantaged communities.

A key takeaway from the U.S. experience is the emphasis on multi-stakeholder planning and diversified financial mechanisms in affordable housing provision. This multi-faceted approach facilitates the mobilization of community resources and investment, fostering sustainable and scalable housing solutions.