Advanced Journal of Management, Humanity and Social Science

Abstract Moral development during adolescence is a multidimensional process involving complex interactions among emotional mechanisms, cognitive–reasoning abilities, and social contexts. This paper aims to synthesize theoretical and empirical evidence to provide an integrated framework for understanding how moral emotions (such as empathy, guilt, and shame), moral reasoning (rule-based judgments and principled reasoning), and contextual components (family, peers, culture, and educational institutions) interact. It begins by reviewing classical and contemporary theoretical foundations—including Kohlberg’s stage theory, Haidt’s social intuitionist model, Greene’s dual-process theory, and Bandura’s social–cognitive perspective. The paper then examines empirical research on adolescence showing how affective factors may enhance or inhibit moral reasoning, and how social and normative environments influence moral preferences and actual behavior. Findings indicate that moral emotions are not merely consequences of moral reasoning but strong motivators of moral choice that, when interacting with cognitive capacities and social pressures, produce diverse trajectories of moral adaptation or deviation. The article introduces integrative dynamic models such as “neuro-moral insights,” “dual-process cognitive–affective models,” and “social-relational approaches,” and discusses their practical implications for moral education, prevention of antisocial behavior, and educational policymaking. Finally, future research directions are suggested, including longitudinal, multimethod, and cross-cultural studies examining gender and cultural variations. In conclusion, the author emphasizes the importance of developing educational programs based on strengthening empathy, emotional regulation, and critical thinking to guide adolescents’ moral development toward prosocial action and responsible citizenship.

Abstract Family law serves as a fundamental legal framework regulating relationships within families, including marriage, divorce, child custody, inheritance, and domestic obligations. This comparative study examines the divergent and convergent features of family law systems in Eastern and Western jurisdictions, highlighting the influence of cultural, religious, and social factors. Western legal systems, including common law and civil law traditions, emphasize individual autonomy, gender equality, and codified procedural safeguards. In contrast, Eastern systems, particularly those influenced by Islamic law and traditional Asian customs, prioritize family cohesion, social harmony, and religious or cultural norms. The study analyzes marriage and divorce regulations, child custody and protection mechanisms, inheritance rules, and contemporary reforms in both regions. It also addresses emerging trends such as recognition of same-sex marriages, assisted reproductive technologies, and cross-border legal issues. Comparative findings reveal key differences in the balance between individual rights and collective responsibilities, the role of religion in legal formulation, gender equality, and procedural approaches. Despite these differences, globalization and international human rights standards have prompted reforms in both regions, fostering convergence in areas such as child welfare, protection of vulnerable family members, and legal modernization. The study concludes that understanding the underlying social, religious, and cultural values of family law systems is essential for policymakers, legal scholars, and practitioners to promote effective, equitable, and culturally sensitive legal frameworks. Comparative analysis not only enhances cross-cultural legal understanding but also provides opportunities for harmonization, mutual learning, and informed reform in globalized contexts.

Abstract The article examines the role of crisis management and management models in improvingthe resilience of government organizations against the crises caused by climate change. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the different stagesof resilience of organizations, including risk identification, preparedness and planning, rapid response to crises, and reconstruction. It is after the crisis. The research method was qualitative and based on the content analysis of the collected data through structured interviews with managers and experts of government organizations in vulnerable areas. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify the main patterns inresilience processes. should be identified and analyzed. This research also identified the weaknesses and strengths of the existing management models and concluded that organizations that have proper planning and preparation to deal with climate crises are able to respond more quickly and effectively in crisis situations. The findings showed that accurate identification of climate risks and threats as the first step in the resilience process has a great impact on increasing the response capacity of organizations. Also, training and empowerment of human resources is one of the important factors in increasing the resilience of organizations. The active participation of local communities and cooperation between different institutions were also factors that helped to improvethe resilience of organizations. Finally, rapid reconstruction of infrastructures and the use of past experiences in improving future processes make organizations more resilient to future crises. The conclusion of this study shows that organizational resilience in the faceof climate crises requires a comprehensive and integrated approach that includes careful planning, continuous training, cooperation with various institutions, and the use of new technologies. In general, organizations with To deal with climate crises, strengthen their resilience and use past experiences to improve future processes.

Abstract The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed strategic decision-making processes in organizations, enabling faster insights, predictive analytics, and automation. However, the integration of AI systems also raises critical challenges concerning data governance, ethics, and regulatory compliance. Effective data governance ensures that data used in AI-driven decisions is accurate, secure, transparent, and aligned with corporate objectives. Ethical frameworks are essential to mitigate biases, prevent discrimination, and maintain trust among stakeholders. Moreover, the establishment of AI guidelines, including accountability, explainability, and fairness, plays a pivotal role in guiding organizations toward responsible innovation. This paper explores how robust data governance structures and ethical AI guidelines can enhance strategic decision-making and corporate integrity. It analyzes current models of governance frameworks, including ISO/IEC 38505 and OECD AI Principles, and their implications for business strategy. The discussion emphasizes that organizations adopting transparent and ethical data practices not only comply with regulations but also gain a competitive advantage through enhanced reputation and stakeholder confidence. Ultimately, the study concludes that integrating governance and ethics into AI decision systems is no longer optional—it is a strategic necessity for sustainable, fair, and accountable business practices in the era of intelligent automation.

Abstract Youth movements have historically served as catalysts for political transformation, social reform, and democratic renewal. This paper examines the multifaceted role of youth activism in shaping political transitions, emphasizing its influence on governance structures, social justice, and civic participation. The study analyzes the dynamics of youth engagement in key political transformations across regions such as the Middle East, Eastern Europe, and Sub-Saharan Africa. It argues that youth movement’s function both as agents of mobilization and as moral forces that challenge entrenched political orders. Through digital communication, grassroots organization, and transnational solidarity, young people have reshaped the boundaries of political discourse, often acting as the vanguard of democratization efforts. The research employs a qualitative comparative approach, drawing from historical and contemporary case studies including the Arab Spring (Tunisia and Egypt), the Serbian Otpor! Movement, and the End SARS protests in Nigeria. Findings reveal that while youth movements are instrumental in initiating transitions, their long-term impact depends on institutional inclusion, leadership sustainability, and the capacity to translate protest into policy. Ultimately, this study concludes that youth movements represent not merely a phase of dissent but a transformative force capable of redefining political legitimacy and participation in the 21st century. Understanding their evolving role is essential for policymakers and scholars seeking to comprehend the dynamics of modern political change.

Abstract Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has emerged as a cornerstone of economic and social progress in the 21st century, significantly influencing technological innovation. This study examines the direct and indirect effects of ICT on technological innovation (TI), with a focus on the mediating roles of financial development (FD) and human development (HDI) in 15 selected developing countries (China, India, Brazil, South Africa, Egypt, Nigeria, Indonesia, Malaysia, Iran, Argentina, Thailand, Kenya, Vietnam, Colombia, Pakistan) over the period 2000–2023. Using the panel autoregressive distributed lag (P-ARDL) model, both short- and long-term relationships among variables are analyzed. Results indicate that ICT has a positive and statistically significant impact on TI (coefficient = 0.39, p<0.01), with FD and HDI mediating 28% and 35% of this effect, respectively. Economic growth (GDPG) also positively influences TI. These findings contribute to endogenous growth theory by emphasizing the interplay of technology, finance, and human capital in fostering innovation. For policymakers in developing countries, the results advocate for integrated strategies that enhance ICT infrastructure, financial systems, and human capital to accelerate technological innovation. The study also provides practical recommendations, including investments in broadband, venture capital, and education, to support sustainable innovation-driven growth.